Type 1 Diabetes and Insulin

Type 1 diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic condition involving an inability of the pancreas to produce adequate amounts of insulin. Insulin is necessary for the conversion of glucose into energy. Type 1 diabetes typically first appears during childhood or adolescence, although the condition may occur at any age and may occur due to genetic factors or certain types of viruses. In persons affected by type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks and destroys pancreatic cells where insulin is produced. Symptoms of type 1 diabetes include increased thirst, frequent urination, extreme hunger, and weight loss.

Persons affected by type 1 diabetes need to regularly and frequently monitor blood sugar, as well as maintain a healthy weight and a healthy diet. Insulin injections or use of an insulin pump are treatment options for persons affected by this condition. Insulin is available in many different forms. Lispro (Humalog) and insulin aspart (Novolog) are rapidacting forms of insulin. Regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R) is a short-acting form of insulin. Insulin glargine (Lantus) is a long-acting form of insulin. Pramlintide (Symlin) is another medication that may be prescribed to stabilize the sharp increase in blood sugar that occurs after meals.