Treatments for Stem Cell Dysfunction

Myelodysplasia is the medical term for a condition in which the body’s stem cells do not function normally. This leads to an inadequate amount of healthy cells, which may lead to life-threatening complications. Stem cells are found within the bone marrow and normally develop into mature blood cells. Signs and symptoms of the condition include fatigue, unusual bruising, paleness, and possibly petechiae. Petechiae is the appearance of small red spots beneath the skin due to bleeding. Myelodysplastic syndrome may develop in response to certain types of chemotherapy medications, as well as to large amounts of certain chemical substances found in the environment. Chemicals found in cigarette smoke and some types of household products are a few.

Although there is no cure for myelodysplastic syndromes, people affected by this condition may receive treatment to alleviate associated symptoms. Azacitadine (Vidaza) and decitabine (Dacogen) have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment. These medications improve the development of cells into mature blood cells. Lenalidomide (Revlimid) may decrease the need for blood transfusions. A stem cell transplant is another possible treatment option.