Treatment Options for Adult Multiple Sclerosis

     Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune condition of the central nervous system (CNS). The immune system attacks myelin, the protective layer surrounding nerves in the CNS (the attack is called demyelination). Symptoms of MS include vision loss, sensations of numbness or tingling, and muscle weakness. The condition occurs in a relapsingremitting (RRMS) or progressive manner.  MS is most commonly diagnosed between 20 and 40 years of age, and occurs more commonly in women than in men.

     Glucocorticoids, such as methylprednisolone (Medrol) and prednisone, are used for treatment of acute MS attacks. Disease-modifying therapies such as glatiramer acetate (Copaxone), interferon beta-1b (Betaseron), and interferon beta-1a (Avonex, Rebif) may be prescribed for remitting MS. These medications modulate the immune system to decrease the amount of relapses and the progression of disability. Natalizumab (Tysabri) is reserved only for persons who no longer respond to other treatments, due to potentially life-threatening side effects. Figolimod (Gilenya) interferences with the immune system’s destructive effects on the CNS. Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) works to modulate the immune system in individuals with progressive MS who are unresponsive to other available therapies.




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