Dandruff: Fighting the Flakes

Dandruff is a skin condition in which there is itching and flaking of the scalp. The itching from dandruff may be so intense that the scalp can become red or swollen. The flaking can be more visible on darker hair and clothing, which can be embarrassing for some. However, dandruff is a very common condition. Fortunately it is not contagious. Some potential causes of dandruff include dry scalp, excess oil production on the scalp, infrequent shampooing, and the scalp’s reactions to hair products. A fungi organism naturally found on scalps, Malassezia, can also cause dandruff, if the fungus grows out of control. Skin disorders such as psoriasis and eczema can also be associated with dandruff.

If a physician suspects the cause of the dandruff is fungal, the anti-fungal shampoo ketoconazole (Nizoral) can be prescribed. It is also available over-the-counter (OTC) in a lower strength. Selenium sulfide (Selsun Blue, Tersi Foam), also OTC or prescription depending on the strength, can help to reduce flaking The OTC shampoos Head and Shoulders and Selson Salon contain zinc pyrithione, which can also kill fungi and reduce flaking. Another option to reduce dandruff flakes is coal tar (Neutrogena T-gel, Ionil-T). More severe cases of dandruff may be prescribed cilopirox shampoo (Loprox).

  

     
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